LUÍS DE SOUSA got his Ph.D. in Social and Political Sciences at the European University Institute, Florence, Italy, on 12 July 2002, following public defence of a thesis entitled Corruption: Assessing Ethical Standards in Political Life through Control Policies. In October 2002, he was recruited as a research associate at the CIES-ISCTE, Lisbon, Portugal where he is currently working. His most recent publications include: (co-edited with Barry Hindess and Peter Larmour) Governments, NGOs and Anti-Corruption. London: Routledge/ ECPR Studies in European Political Science (forthcoming); ‘The regulation of political financing in Portugal: a political and historical analysis’, West European Politics, January 2004, 27(1), 124-145; ‘Hard responses to corruption: Penal standards and the repression of corruption in Britain, France and Portugal’, Crime, Law and Social Change, October 2002, 38(3), 267-294; ‘Corruption and Parties in Portugal’, West European Politics, 24(1), January 2001, 157-180; ‘Corrupção, ética de governo e eleitores: Algumas reflexões sobre o impacto da corrupção e impropriedade, como ‘voting issue’, durante a queda das maiorias Social-Democrata e Conservadora em Portugal (1995) e no Reino Unido (1997)’ in Braga da Cruz (ed.) A Reforma do Estado em Portugal – Problemas e Perspectivas, Lisboa, Bizâncio, 2001; (co-authored with Yves Mény) ‘Corruption Political/Public Aspects’ in International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York, Pergamon/Elsevier, 2000. He has also written contributions on politics, ethics reform and corruption for leading Portuguese newspapers and he acts as a consultant to various national and international governmental and non-governmental institutions. He is also founder and coordinator of the Research Network of Anti-Corruption Agencies (ANCORAGE-NET) and the Portuguese Observatory on Ethics in Public Life.